IF-THEN Statements With Microsoft Excel

One of the basic statements for financial modeling is the IF-THEN function in Excel. While this may not be considered as robust as other approaches when doing actual computer programming (C++, Java, VB), in Excel it is rather straightforward and ubiquitous.

There are a couple of things to remember when using the IF-THEN approach:

* For basic results like "if this cell equals dog put a bone in the cell next to it" or "if the cell on my right equals rain display an umbrella sign in the cell below" or something like that. IF-THEN works well for binary situations, and is a method that the basic financial modeler can use and understand readily easily. The beauty of the function at its most basic level is the simplicity.

IF-THEN Statements With Microsoft Excel

* IF-THEN can also be used for non-binary situations, meaning that one can "nest" several sub IF-THEN statements within the cell. For example, let's assume that you had four triggering events: apple, orange, grape and banana. Depending upon the word that was in a cell, there would be one of four results. This would look like:

=IF(A1="Apple","Watch for worm",IF(A1="Orange","Citrus",IF(A1="Grape","Soon to be a raisin",IF(A1="Banana","Don't slip on the peel","Do nothing")))).

You will notice that the last bit of this text includes "do nothing", which captures any text that is not one of the specified amounts you are seeking. If there were only four options (that somehow the input cell was blocked to prevent anything other than those four choices), the code would look like this:

=IF(A1="Apple","Watch for worm",IF(A1="Orange","Citrus",IF(A1="Grape","Soon to be a raisin","Don't slip on the peel"))).

By definition, only four choices will yield three IFs - think about the fourth IF as silent to help you see why this is the case.

* The financial modeler can also link IF-THEN statements to apply a mathematical operator to two or more statements in the cell. Thus, you could create a formula like =IF(A1="Pie",1,0)+IF(B1="Soup",2,0)+IF(C1="Water",3,0). You can do this with any operator and is useful if there are discrete components to the model you are developing. As you ultimately get further into advanced modeling, this can be used for triggers, or cells that create an influx of additional information when turned to a true state. Further discussion on that will occur as we move to intermediate level issues, but just remember that there is flexibility in the IF-THEN statement from this particular perspective.

* One shortcoming of the IF-THEN statement usage is that you can only have up to seven nested statements EVER in any function in Excel. For examples, the following is a maxed out version of the IF-THEN statement:

=IF(C5=1,1,IF(C5=2,2,IF(C5=3,3,IF(C5=4,4,IF(C5=5,5,IF(C5=6,6,IF(C5=7,7,IF(C5=8,8,"No")))))))) - if you try to add another nested IF statement, you will get an error message. Part of the rationale behind that is because evaluating the IF-THEN in the standard Excel environment (as well as computer language in general) takes some time to evaluate. Granted, it is not a lot of time when thinking about a machine calculating something faster than us, but each of the evaluation steps requires computing speed and memory. If you can imagine a nested 20-step IF-THEN statement in your mind and pretend that you must evaluate that statement in order until the last part of it, you will begin to see why there needs to be extra time for the computer to do analyze it. Thus, seven is the cutoff point, but in reality, you should never need that many nested IF-THEN statements anyway.

In summary, the IF-THEN statement can be a very useful, simple approach to binary and certain non-binary situations. It is not perfect for larger database inquiries or very large spreadsheets wherein the answer to the IF-THEN drives the model, but it can suffice for everyday simple financial modeling applications, and it easy to implement and interpret.

IF-THEN Statements With Microsoft Excel
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Russ Steward has more than fifteen years of experience in investment banking and private equity, and has developed hundreds of financial models and analyses in Excel. For more information, please visit http://www.makefinancialmodels.blogspot.com

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Is There Any Way I Can Get My Deleted Emails Back? - How To Find Deleted Emails In Outlook

It's a common question asked by people all around the world in many different languages every single day. Is there any way I can get my deleted emails back? The good news is that there is a way to find deleted emails and recover them. If you recently deleted the emails then recovering them is quite simple and can be done in just a matter of seconds. However, if you deleted them a while back then the process becomes a bit more complicated. Either way, whether you want to find deleted emails from two minutes ago or two years ago, look no further than Data Recovery Pro.

Data Recovery Pro is a program that makes finding deleted emails a breeze for simple people that do not have an understanding of the intricacies of computer programming. To put simply, Data Recovery Pro is the easy way. For example, say you were cleaning out your inbox and accidentally deleted a digital receipt that was sent to you via email. Maybe you even deleted it on purpose not expecting to ever need it but a month or two down the line the thing breaks and you need the receipt in order to verify the warranty or that you at least paid for the item. After a month or two that email ids no longer in your trash box but its imprint is still hidden on your computer. All you have to do is run Data Recovery Pro and it will recover your email for you. Otherwise you would have to call a computer technician and possibly pay hundreds of dollars for them to run their own version of Data Recovery Pro.

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Is There Any Way I Can Get My Deleted Emails Back? - How To Find Deleted Emails In Outlook

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Access Visual Basic and Excel VBA Macros - A Comparison of the MS Office Programming Languages

Similarities between Excel VBA and Access VBA

In theory it should be easy to switch from one MS Office VBA programming language to another, since all the underlying principles are the same. It doesn't matter whether you're writing VBA macros within Access, Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint or Word, you're still using:

- objects, collections, methods and properties

Access Visual Basic and Excel VBA Macros - A Comparison of the MS Office Programming Languages

- variables (the DIM statement)

- IF conditions and loops

- message boxes and input boxes

- subroutines and functions

In fact, the only thing which is different is the object and collections defined within the application. So how hard can it be to switch from (say) Excel VBA to Access VBA? The answer, sadly, is... fairly hard. Here's why!

Differences between Excel Visual Basic and Access Visual Basic

The main differences between the two programming languages are that Access supports two macro languages, doesn't support recording, has two different ways to create Visual Basic macros, hides a lot of its functionality in the DoCmd object and has two separate object models. If that didn't make much sense, worry not - the rest of this article will explain each of these points in turn.

Access has Two Macro Languages

This is a red herring. Microsoft Access has two separate languages for writing macros: one called macros, the other called either modules or Visual Basic. If you have any knowledge of VBA, you should ignore the first; it is provided for people who have no programming experience, and doesn't support proper looping, error-handling and many other structures. So although the Access database window contains a MACROS tab, you should ignore this completely!

Access doesn't Support Recording

Want to know how to colour a cell red with pink spots in Excel? If you can't guess the macro command (unlikely), you can just record a macro and have a look at the resulting code. This is a vital aide-memoire even when you're a VBA guru.

Access, on the other hand, doesn't support recording - not even in the latest version at the time of writing, Access 2010. This is, to say the least, a shame (interestingly, while Word supports VBA recording, PowerPoint doesn't any more: Microsoft removed the facility from version 2007 onwards). This means that you're often forced to resort to Google, Microsoft help or phoning a friend to find out how to do something in Access VBA.

Two Different Ways to Write Macros in Access

Want to create a VBA macro in Access? To do this, you need to go to the VBA code editor. Strangely, you can do this in two different ways: either press ALT + F11 as normal, or click on the Modules tab in the database window and choose to create a new module. Why are there two different ways to do the same thing? Historical reasons, we think.

Access Uses the DoCmd Object for Many Commands

Access VBA is complicated (or simplified?) by the fact that about half the commands begin with DoCmd. For example:

DoCmd.OpenForm - to open a form

DoCmd.Maximize - to maximise a window

Features like this make Excel a far more logical programming language than Access.

Access has Two Separate Object Models

Excel is pretty self-contained (although if you're creating your own dialog boxes, you'll be using a separate applications called Microsoft Forms). Access, however, splits into two almost equal parts:

- tables and queries are part of the Access database engine

- forms, reports, macros and modules are part of the Microsoft Access application

Although you'll probably only hit this complication when you get into advanced programming in Access, it's another Access feature to muddy the VBA water.

In summary, then, we'd say that Excel macros are far more straightforward than Access ones. Added to this is the fact that it's much quicker to learn Excel than it is to learn Access, and you get two unequal learning curves!

Access Visual Basic and Excel VBA Macros - A Comparison of the MS Office Programming Languages
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Andy Brown is a trainer and developer for Wise Owl Training, a company providing Microsoft computer training in the UK.

For Wise Owl courses specific to Excel Visual Basic, go to http://www.wiseowl.co.uk/excel/courses/vba.htm; for courses specific to Access Visual Basic, go to http://www.wiseowl.co.uk/ms-access/training/visual-basic.htm.

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Do It Yourself Auto Body Repair - It's Easier Than You Think

Everyone has done it. You back into a pole, rear end a stray shopping cart or drop a heavy object on the trunk lid. The result is an ugly dent or a scraped finish. Turning in small damage claims to your insurance can be costly and if you have gotten an auto body repair estimate, you know that parts and labor can be expensive to pay out of pocket. There is another option though, you can fix it yourself. That's right. Armed with a plunger, a bottle of touch up paint and a few supplies, the average do-it-yourselfer can repair small dents and scratches. Here's how.

Unsightly Dents

If your accident has not broken the finish and has damaged a larger body panel, you may be able to pull the dent out. Dump a bucket of soapy water over the dent and stick your household plunger over the area. The water should help create a good seal and you may be able to pull the panel back into shape. The soap will allow you to slide the plunger down the panel to break the suction.

Do It Yourself Auto Body Repair - It's Easier Than You Think

If your dent is in a small area near a crease in the vehicle, you can place a small block of wood at the tip of the dent and gently tap the wood with a mallet to force the misplaced metal back into its original shape. Tapping gently around the edges of the dent may help pop the metal back into shape. Use care not to break the finish, chipped paint exposes bare metal which will rust.

Scratches, Scrapes and Stone Chips

Most body shops will sell you a bottle of touch up paint. They will also ask you what you are repairing and offer to fix it for a large fee. Kindly decline, and request just a bottle of touch up paint. They will need access to you vehicle to get the manufacturer's paint code. This is most often found in the glove box or the door jam. If your vehicle has been painted a different hue than its original paint color, the auto body technician can use an educated guess to mix your paint to match the rest of the finish closely.

You will need a fine grit sand paper, a bucket of soapy water, some wax and buffing cloths in addition to your bottle of paint. Wash the scraped area well with soapy water, paying special attention to any bugs or tar in the area. Wet your fine grit sand paper and carefully sand the edges of the scrape or stone chip, making sure to keep your sand paper wet. Dry the area well and leave it sit for at least ten minutes to make sure it dries completely. Then, shake the bottle of touch up paint for at least two minutes. Brush on a light coat of paint over the damaged area. You can always apply a second coat after the first coat dries. Allow the paint to cure overnight then use a rubbing compound followed by a coat of wax to protect your finish

Paint repairs fare the best when done on a sunny day with low humidity. If this is not possible in your area, perform the repairs inside a heated building with a dehumidifier running. You can also use heat lamps or a hair dryer on its lowest setting to help cure the paint.

With a few tools and a little know how, you can save yourself some money by repairing small damages yourself.

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Fear of Holes - Trypophobia

Many people think they are the only one in the world who are unnerved by holes. Not all holes mind you, just tiny holes in asymmetrical clusters, often times with things in them. Like a lotus seed pod. Most people when faced with this fear start to feel really uncomfortable and a creepy, itchy feeling crawls over their body.

The types of holes trypophobics fear fall into the following categories;

Flesh

Fear of Holes - Trypophobia

Holes which occur in different types of tissues, human and animal, this is quite a big category. Human pores on their skin, if enlarged, blackheads, pockmarks left by acne or other skin disorders. Holes in skin caused by creatures that may have eaten through the skin creating a hole.

Food

Cheese that has holes may seem the most obvious but there is also honeycomb. In types of meat holes are found and I think these are to allow veins through. There are lots of completely disgusting holes found in various types of offal. I believe that sweetbreads are particularly good for finding holes in.

Flora

Those dried seed pods you get in pot pourri.

Burrowing

This is about things like worms and maggots and stuff eating into things and creating holes in materials and foods.

Geological

Holes that are created naturally like from the ocean creating holes in rocks.

Other

Holes created in ice and snow as it melts.

Neuro Linguistic Programming or NLP fast phobia techniques and methods help in quick elimination and eradication of phobia of holes.

NLP shows you how to understand and model your own successes, so that you can reproduce them. It is a way of discovering and unfolding your personal genius, a way of bringing out the best in yourself and others.

NLP is the study of excellence. It is the study of both the conscious and unconscious processes that combine to enable people to do what they do. The key to success is often unknown at a conscious level. Using NLP you can elicit these unknown pieces.

You may want to improve your relationships, or eliminate an anxiety, or become more competitive in the market place. The key pieces are not found in the muscles, but in your inner thoughts, like words or pictures, or feelings or even beliefs. Once you know these unknown pieces you can change them. NLP exercises are like thought experiments, mental exercises or a game. The laboratory is your mind.

So next time you see holes in something spare a thought for the thousands of people that suffer from trypophobia.

Fear of Holes - Trypophobia
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To find more information about phobias and to get advice from specialists visit oFear The Online Fear & Phobia Forum.

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